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The pharmacy day | A question to investigate

A referral creates an opportunity, not a finished episode

A GP team can make an appropriate referral and a pharmacy can still struggle to turn it into a coherent experience. The person may arrive when capacity is constrained, need a clearer explanation or require onward care. Understanding that journey is a more useful starting point than asking a team to raise a headline consultation total. The operational question is where suitable referrals lose momentum and which part of the pathway has the authority to help.

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Define the event before measuring it

Pharmacy First contains different service elements, governed by its specification and clinical documents. A review should distinguish a referral received, an attempted contact, a consultation, an eligible completed episode and an onward referral. Self-presenting demand should not silently enter a referral denominator. Agree these definitions across participating organisations so that a difference in recording practice is not mistaken for a difference in access or professional performance.

Map the shared work at the boundary

The pharmacy sees one part of the journey; the referring practice may see another. Ask who explains the service, how availability is understood and what happens if the person cannot be reached or requires onward care. The first improvement may concern information supplied at referral rather than pharmacy capacity. Keep urgent clinical escalation within the responsible services' existing arrangements. A commercial evaluation should not invent a parallel clinical pathway simply because it is easier to count.

Choose a narrow, observable bottleneck

A proposed PHARMORIS assessment could examine referrals from an agreed local source into a small pharmacy cohort. Use a baseline and observation period, with aggregate outcomes categorised consistently. Test one operational change, such as clearer availability information or a more reliable non-clinical handover. Record the number of referrals in the defined cohort, reasons for non-completion, staff effort and changes in service availability. Avoid collecting identifiable consultation records if they are unnecessary for this question.

A denominator that survives scrutiny

Start with referrals received within the defined source and period. Show contacted, appropriately progressed, unresolved and other explained outcomes as separate counts, retaining the original denominator. Report self-presenting clinical pathway demand separately. If an organisation changes how it records referral receipt during the trial, flag the break in comparability. This modest discipline prevents a completion percentage from rising simply because difficult referrals disappeared from the dataset.

Look beyond the referral count.

A useful handover is information that reaches someone able to act. Explore a constructed case before deciding what to measure.

A referring team records Pharmacy First referrals as sent, while the pharmacy sees a mixture of completed consultations, unsuccessful contacts and appropriate onward routes. A shared report needs a stable referral denominator before the teams can interpret the difference.

Makes a shared operational problem inspectable without claiming that referral volume proves prevented readmissions.

What would we need to understand?

  • Episodes entering the defined cohort
  • Agreed handovers and recorded progression
  • Elapsed time bands and reasons for waiting
  • Clarification effort and accountable next owner

Constructed decision example | No customer results are shown.

NHS England (n.d.) | NHSBSA (n.d.)

Compare outcomes without rewarding inappropriate activity

A higher completion rate is not automatically a better result. Professional decisions that lead to advice, onward referral or a different service route can be appropriate. Agree meaningful outcome categories with the people responsible for delivery and interpret the proportions alongside case mix. The comparison should reveal avoidable friction, not pressure the pharmacist to produce a particular clinical outcome or retrospectively reclassify an episode to meet a business target.

Follow the financial route separately

For a pharmacy, workload, eligible remuneration and claim handling are connected but distinct. MYS is part of the existing claims environment; PHARMORIS should not be presented as an established replacement or approved integration (NHSBSA, n.d.). Count time spent on unsuccessful contacts and exceptions when estimating delivery effort. For the wider system, any reduction in GP work would require separate evidence. Pharmacy activity alone cannot establish displaced appointments, improved health outcomes or a cash-releasing NHS saving.

How a pathway earns its place.

Pallavi Dawda explains the development of Pharmacy First pathways in the original December 2023 webinar. A historical account of the approach, rather than current clinical instruction.

Community Pharmacy England | Uploaded 18 December 2023

Pallavi Dawda talks about the development of the Pharmacy First service clinical pathways and PGDs

Community Pharmacy England (2023) | 8 min 24 sec

Loads the YouTube player when you choose to watch.

Medicines context photograph | Source

Community Pharmacy England (2023) | Original film | Historical educational context

Current service guidance | Current Pharmacy First service documents

Published by Community Pharmacy England. Included as an external reference; no endorsement of NEUVIOR or PHARMORIS is implied.

Define the decision the trial can actually support

The result might justify a local handover change, a different service window or a larger comparative evaluation. Stop if records cannot support a consistent denominator, the change creates excessive administration or clinical teams identify an unsafe consequence. A short operational test cannot establish long-term effectiveness. Its value is to make the next implementation choice better informed and to show where the evidence is still too weak for a larger commitment.

Begin with a referral that repeatedly stalls

Bring the point in the journey where the same difficulty keeps returning, the organisations involved and the change each could realistically make. We can explore a scoped review that preserves professional judgement and makes the operational evidence easier to act on. The strongest opportunity is often specific: fewer avoidable repeat explanations, clearer ownership or more reliable access, with the claim about value limited to what the evaluation can demonstrate.

Another useful angle.

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